Basketball game analysis involves using metrics to measure various aspects of the sport such as player performance, team efficiency, and overall success. Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) include points scored, field goal percentage, three-point percentage, free throw percentage, offensive rebounds, assists, turnovers, steals, blocked shots, opponent field goal percentage, opponent three-point percentage, opponent free throw percentage, defensive rebounds, personal fouls, and blocked shots against. Team efficiency metrics include effective field goal percentage, true shooting percentage, offensive rebound percentage, defensive rebound percentage, total rebound percentage, assist ratio, turnover ratio, steal ratio, block ratio, personal foul ratio, free throw rate, and pace.
Introduction
Basketball is a sport that requires a high level of skill, strategy, and teamwork. Analyzing basketball games involves using metrics to measure various aspects of the game such as player performance, team efficiency, and overall success. In this article, we will discuss some common metrics used in analyzing basketball games.
Key Performance Indicators (KPIs)
Points Scored
- Field Goal Percentage (FG%): The percentage of field goals made out of total attempts.
- Three-Point Percentage (3P%): The percentage of three-point field goals made out of total attempts.
- Free Throw Percentage (FT%): The percentage of free throws made out of total attempts.
- Offensive Rebounds: The number of rebounds a player or team secures after missing a shot.
- Assists: The number of passes that lead directly to a score by a teammate.
- Turnovers: The number of times a player or team loses possession of the ball without scoring.
- Steals: The number of times a player or team takes the ball away from an opponent without them scoring.
- Blocked Shots: The number of times a player or team prevents an opponent from scoring by blocking their shot.
Defensive Metrics
- Opponent Field Goal Percentage (Opp FG%): The percentage of opponent's field goals made out of total attempts while a specific player is on the court.
- Opponent Three-Point Percentage (Opp 3P%): The percentage of opponent's three-point field goals made out of total attempts while a specific player is on the court.
- Opponent Free Throw Percentage (Opp FT%): The percentage of opponent's free throws made out of total attempts while a specific player is on the court.
- Defensive Rebounds: The number of rebounds a player or team secures after an opponent misses a shot.
- Personal Fouls: The number of fouls committed by a player during a game.
- Blocked Shots Against: The number of times an opponent blocks a player or team's shot.
Team Efficiency
- Effective Field Goal Percentage (eFG%): A measure of shooting efficiency that takes into account both two-point and three-point field goals. It is calculated by adding one point for every two-point field goal and 1.5 points for every three-point field goal, then dividing by total field goal attempts.
- True Shooting Percentage (TS%): A measure of shooting efficiency that takes into account all scoring opportunities, including field goals, free throws, and turnovers. It is calculated by adding one point for every two-point field goal, 1.5 points for every three-point field goal, and 0.5 points for every free throw attempt, then dividing by total scoring opportunities.
- Offensive Rebound Percentage (ORB%): The percentage of available offensive rebounds a team secures during a game.
- Defensive Rebound Percentage (DRB%): The percentage of available defensive rebounds a team secures during a game.
- Total Rebound Percentage (TRB%): The percentage of available rebounds a team secures during a game, combining offensive and defensive rebounds.
- Assist Ratio: The number of assists per 100 possessions for a team during a game.
- Turnover Ratio: The number of turnovers per 100 possessions for a team during a game.
- Steal Ratio: The number of steals per 100 possessions for a team during a game.
- Block Ratio: The number of blocks per 100 possessions for a team during a game.
- Personal Foul Ratio: The number of personal fouls committed per 100 possessions for a team during a game.
- Free Throw Rate (FTR): The number of free throw attempts per field goal attempt for a team during a game.
- Pace: The number of possessions per 48 minutes for a team during a game.