What are the primary causes of water pollution and how can they be mitigated ?
The primary causes of water pollution include industrial waste discharge, agricultural runoff, sewage and wastewater disposal, urban runoff, mining activities, and oil spills. To mitigate these causes, strategies such as stricter effluent standards, cleaner production methods, sustainable agriculture practices, improved sewage treatment, urban runoff control, responsible mining practices, and oil spill prevention and response should be implemented.